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O‘rta asr islom mamlakatlari tarixi, madaniyati va jug‘rofiyasini o‘rganishda mashhur tarixchi Abu Sa’d Abdulkarim Sam’oniyning «Ansob»asari muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi.
Abu Sa’d Sam’oniy «Tunkatiy» deb, Shosh vohasidagi shaharlardan birining nisbatini keltiradi. Tunkat shahri Sirdaryo ortida joylashgan. Bu shahardan ko‘plab ilm ahllari yetishib chiqqan[1]. Xususan, Abullays Nasr ibn Hasan ibn Qosim ibn Fazl Tunkatiy Tunkat ahlidan bo‘lib, uni Abulfath deb ham atashgan[2].
Mashhur tarixchi Shamsuddin Zahabiy, «ulug‘ shayx, ishonchli muhaddis Abulfath Nasr ibn Hasan ibn Qosim Turkiy Shoshiy Tunkatiy Shosh yurtining shaharlaridan biri Tunkatga mansubdir»[3], deb ta’kidlagan. Jumladan, bu hakda «Takmilat al-ikmol»da ham qayd etilgan: «Tunkat Movarounnahrdagi shaharlardan biri bo‘lib, unga Nasr ibn Hasan Tunkatiy Shoshiy mansub. U Imom Muslimning «Sahih»idan hadis aytgan[4].
Abullays Nasr Shoshiy Tunkatiy ilm talabida uzoq mamlakatlarga safar qilgan. Jumladan, u Misrda Abulhasan Tiffol, Abu Ibrohim Ahmad ibn Qosim ibn Maymun ibn Hamza Husayniy[5] dan, Nishopurda Abulhusayn Forisiy[6], Abulfath Nosir ibn Hasan ibn Muhammad Umriy, Abu Hafs Umar ibn Masrur Movardiy, Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Mansur ibn Xalaf Mag‘ribiy[7]dan Iskandariyada, Abu Ali Husayn ibn Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Ma’ofiy, Abu Muhammad Abdulvohid ibn Husayn ibn Ali ibn Abu Mator Mu’ofiriy[8], Tunisda Abu Muhammad Abdushokir ibn Ubaydulloh ibn Ali Ziyodiy, Abulhusayn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Varroq[9] Mag‘ribda Abu Abbos Ahmad ibn Umar ibn Anas Uzriy[10], Sur (Tir) shahrida Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Sobit Xatib Hofiz[11] Taroblus (Tripoli) shahrida Abu Mansur Abdulmuhsin ibn Muhammad ibn Ali Tojir va Abu Nasr Ahmad ibn Salom Sheroziy va boshqa tabaqalardan hadis ilmini o‘rgangan[12].
Abullays Nasr ibn Hasan Tunkatiy Mag‘rib, Misr, Tunis, hattoki, Andalus[13](Ispaniya)ga ham borgan va u yerda bir necha muddat yashagan. U muhaddis bo‘lish bilan bir qatorda, mashhur savdogar (tijoratchi) ham edi. Abullays Nasr ibn Hasan Tunkatiydan Abulqosim ibn Samarqandiy, Nasr ibn Nasr Ukbariy[14] hadis ilmini o‘rgangan. U asosan buyuk muhaddis Muslim ibn Hajjojning «Sahih al-Muslim» kitobidan dars bergan[15]. Tunkatiy umrining so‘nggi yillarida Nishopurda yashagan. Abu Sa’d Sam’oniyning xabar berishicha, u Nishopurda jome’ masjidida quduq qazib suv chiqazgan va boshqa xayrli ishlarga bosh-qosh bo‘lgan[16].
Tunkatiy Sam’oniyning ta’kidlashicha, hijriy 406 yilda Tunkatda tavallud topgan va 486/1093 yilda Zulqa’da oyida Nishopurda vafot etib, «al-Hayrat» qabristoniga dafn etilgan[17].
Ne’matullo MUHAMEDOV
SHOSH VOHASI OLIMLARINING ILMIY-MA’NAVIY MEROSI
«Toshkent islom universiteti»
nashriyot-matbaa birlashmasi,
Toshkent — 2007
[1] al-Ansob. 3-jild. -B. 88
[2] O‘sha manba. 3-jild. -B. 88; ad-Dibaj. 1-jild. -B 100; Hilyat al-avliyo. 8-jild. -B 136
[3] Siyar a’lom an-nubalo. 19-jild. -B. 91
[4] Takmilat al-ikmol. 1 -jild. -B. 504
[5] Siyar a’lom an-nubalo. 19-jild. -B. 91; al-Ansob. 3-jild. -B. 88-89
[6] O‘sha manba. 19-jild. -B.91
[7] al-Ansob. 3-jild. -B. 88-89
[8] O‘sha manba. 3-jild. -B. 89
[9] O‘sha manba. 3-jild. -B. 89
[10] O‘sha manba. 3-jild. -B. 89
[11] O‘sha manba. 3-jild. -B. 89; Siyar a’lom an-nubato. 19-jild. -. UI
[12] al-Ansob. 3-jild. -B. 89
[13] Siyar a’lom an-nubalo. 19-jild. -B. 91; al-Ansob. 3-jild. -B. 89
[14] Siyar a’lom an-nubalo. 19-jild. -B. 91; Takmilat al-ikmol. 1-jild
[15] al-Ansob. 3-jild. -B. 90; Siyar a’lom an-nubalo. 19-jild. -B. 91; Takmilat al-ikmol. 1 -jild. -B. 504
[16] al-Ansob. 3-jild. -B. 90; Yana qarang: Abdulkarim Sam’onii. Nasabnoma. -Buxoro, 2003. -B. 203-204
[17] O‘sha manbalar. O‘sha joyda
https://shosh.uz/uz/shoshlik-muhaddislar-abullays-nasr-ibn-hasan-ibn-qosim-shoshiy-tunkatiy/